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The Sinhala and Tamil New Year, known as "Aluth Avurudhu" and "Puththandu" respectively, is a beloved festival in Sri Lanka. This guide explores the traditions, customs, and delicious food that make this occasion special.
History of Sinhala and Tamil New Year
The history of the Sinhala and Tamil New Year dates back to ancient times in Sri Lankan history. It is believed that the transition of the old year to the new, represents a time of renewal and growth.
Buddhism's influence in Sri Lanka shaped the celebrations, infusing them with teachings such as impermanence, compassion, and spiritual renewal. Buddhist temples also became focal points for New Year observances, hosting special ceremonies and rituals to mark the occasion. Similarly, Hinduism also contributed to the development of New Year practices, often incorporating Hindu deities and symbols.
In modern times, the celebration of the traditional New Year is guided by auspicious times provided by astrologers. These times usually fall in mid-April, marking the sun's move from Meena (Pisces) to Mesha (Aries) in the Sinhala and Tamil calendars. This also aligns with the harvest season.
Sinhala and Tamil New Year Traditions
In Sinhala Households
People often start getting ready for the New Year a few weeks before the festival. They clean their homes, repaint walls, polish floors, and tidy up kitchens. Any unnecessary stuff is thrown out to give the house a fresh start.
When the sun leaves Meena, it's time for the last bath of the old year. The bathing is considered significant as it represents the cleansing of evil, illness, and sins from the last year. During the 'punya kalaya' or 'nonagathaya' period (the neutral period), all business stops, and everyone focuses on spiritual activities like visiting temples.
On the day of the new year, the hearth is lit and a pot of milk is boiled. Everyone gathers around the hearth to watch as the milk bubbles and spills from the pot. This is believed to be a sign of good luck and prosperity for the year ahead.
Families arrange the New Year's table, known as "kema mesaya", with traditional dishes like Kiribath (MIlk Rice Cakes), Kokis (Sri Lankan Rosettes), Butter Cake, and more. The centerpiece of the table is usually a traditional oil lamp, or "Pahan", that will also be lit.
In Tamil Households
Everything is tidied up because it's believed that Goddess Lakshmi visits clean homes and brings blessings for prosperity. On New Year's eve, a garland of Mango leaves or Maavilai Thoranam is hung at the doorstep to ward off evil and signal the beginning of celebrations.
Another tradition is the Kolam, decorative designs drawn with rice flour at doorsteps or entrances. These intricate designs not only beautify the surroundings, but also contribute to a sense of unity and community spirit as neighbors engage in friendly competitions to create the most elaborate designs.
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